Q. No. 2. Discuss the historic Pakistan and Turkey bilateral relations beyond the areas of socio-economic and strategic realms. The question specifically asks for an explanation of its geopolitical ripple effects in the Himalayas, the Arabian Peninsula, and the South Caucasus. (20 Marks)

 

Q. No. 3. It asks for a discussion on the UN climate summit (COP-27) in Sharm el Sheikh, Egypt, which addressed Pakistan's catastrophic summer floods exacerbated by climate change and the proposed COP-27 roadmap to face the challenge of climate change and its measures for the reduction and rehabilitation of Pakistan. (20 Marks)

 

Q. No. 4. Discuss the core causes of the Russian invasion of Ukraine which have considerable socio-economic, political, and strategic consequences on the world. The question emphasizes exploring its devastating impact on Pakistan and its severe lesson for the country's survival. (20 Marks)

 

Q. No. 5. Discuss the project idea of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) which is the great leap forward of economic regionalization in the globalized world. The question asks for an explanation of its potential advantages, challenges, and future prospects. (20 Marks)

 

Q. No. 6. Reflect on November 15, 2022, as a historic date in humanity's history because it marks the Earth's population reaching the 8 billion mark. The question delves into the rapid population growth's negative impact on the world, especially regarding environmental repercussions and food distribution, and how this growth will affect every country on Earth. (20 Marks)

 

Q. No. 7. Critically discuss the conceptualized energy's influence on the world geo-politics and its distinctiveness of global energy governance. (20 Marks)

 

Q. No. 8. Critically discuss why Pakistan's economic growth continues to be "Balance-ofPayments" constrained with a focus on the long-term challenge to Pakistan's export performance under pressure. It also asks whether Pakistan’s export performance remains the most relevant long-term challenge to alleviate the balance-of-payments constraint for sustained economic growth and details the radical structural reforms to improve export performance. (20 Marks)

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