Q.1. (i) Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate Box □ on the OMR Answer
Sheet. (20×1=20)

(ii) Answers given anywhere other than OMR Answer Sheet shall not be considered.

1. Ozone layer in the __________ protects us by blocking harmful ultraviolet radiation
from space.
(A) Troposphere
(B) Exosphere
(C) Thermosphere
(D) None of these

2. Solar radiation received by the Earth system, known as:
(A) Convection
(B) Insolation
(C) Radiation
(D) None of these

3. The amount of __________ controls the duration of solar radiation.
(A) Daylight
(B) Lamp light
(C) Solar light
(D) None of these

 

4. __________ is a process in which water vapor converts into liquid.
(A) Convection
(B) Sublimation
(C) Condensation
(D) None of these

5. Geologists believe that many deformations in the earth’s crust occur due to:
(A) Tectonic forces
(B) Seismic force
(C) Convection force
(D) None of these

6. A mass of solid rock that has not been weathered is called:
(A) Regolith
(B) Bedrock
(C) Solid rock
(D) None of these

7. __________ is a place where any element of culture originates.
(A) Cultural hearth
(B) Core
(C) Cultural Realm
(D) None of these

8. Shifting cultivation is a form of __________, which involves a kind of natural rotation
system.
(A) Commercial farming
(B) Dairy farming
(C) Subsistence farming
(D) None of these

9. A labor market characterized by freelance work is known as:
(A) Mixed economy
(B) Market economy
(C) Free Labor Economy
(D) None of these

 

10. According to the __________ rule, the second largest city is one-half the size of the
largest city.
(A) Rank-size
(B) Primacy
(C) Logistic
(D) None of these

11. In the North American cities, the Central Business District is commonly called:
(A) City Centre
(B) Commercial centre
(C) Shanty town
(D) None of these

12. In the Concentric Zones model, urban land is organized in rings around:
(A) Sectors
(B) CBD
(C) Core
(D) None of these

13. When an unsaturated parcel of air is cooled, the air will be saturated due to
decreasing temperature, known as:
(A) Dew point temperature
(B) Adiabatic temperature
(C) Katabatic temperature
(D) None of these

14. __________ are high-pressure systems in which atmospheric pressure decreases
toward the outer limits of the system.
(A) Tornado
(B) Anticyclone
(C) Cyclone
(D) None of these

15. A soil sample that is 20% silt, 30% clay, and 50% sand is referred to as:
(A) Sandy loamy soil
(B) Loamy soil
(C) Sandy-silty-clay soil
(D) None of these

 

16. __________ is an area of externally forced ethnic or racial separation.
(A) An Enclave
(B) A Ghetto
(C) Forced territory
(D) None of these

17. Pastoralism is a __________ activity that involves the breeding and herding of
animals to fulfill the need for food, clothing, and shelter.
(A) Subsistence
(B) Commercial
(C) Dairy farming
(D) None of these

18. __________ is a form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an
extensive area.
(A) Animals grazing
(B) Market gardening
(C) Ranching
(D) None of these

19. A language used to make communication possible between people who do not
share a native language, is called:
(A) Pidgin
(B) Tautonymy
(C) Lingua Franca
(D) None of these

20. There are two main components of __________, the children and aged population.
(A) Aging index
(B) Children-Aged Ratio
(C) Dependency ratio
(D) None of these

 

Q2. Which landscape features indicate that a region is undergoing periglacial processes? What are glacial advances and retreats, and what is their relationship to the glacial state of equilibrium?

Q3. What factors affect the discharge of a stream? How did changes in sea level during the Pleistocene cause the formation of stream terraces?

Q4. What factors are involved in the formation of soil? Describe various ways in which temperature and precipitation are related to soil formation. How does chernozem soil differ from podzol soil?

Q5. What is the relationship between ocean currents and global surface wind systems? How does the gyre in the Northern Hemisphere differ from the one in the Southern Hemisphere?

Q6. What is suburban sprawl? Discuss the causes of suburban sprawl. How is the smart growth concept of a compact city the solution to suburban sprawl?

Q7. How is the form of rural settlements in Pakistan different from the United States? Discuss the structure of the Karal settlement of Africa.

Q8. What is tourism? Describe the main types of international tourism and their global
patterns. How does international tourism contribute to the economy of countries?