Q. 2. Discuss the development of the study of “International Relations” and define its core
influential factors and explain its role in the post Cold War era. (20)

Q. 3. Discuss “Diplomacy” and define its kinds. Explain diplomatic means which can help to
resolve disputes and conflicts in the world. (20)

Q. 4. Define “Economics as an Instrument in Foreign Policy” and explain its fundamental
characteristics which can help to achieve state’s objectives. (20)

Q. 5. Critically discuss “Pakistan’s participation in SEATO and CENTO” and explain political,
strategic and economic causes and define its potential disadvantages for the country’s
foreign policy and diplomacy. (20)

Q. 6. Discuss “Nationalism” and define its salient features in the post Cold War situation and
explain its grave consequences with reference to Eastern Europe, African continent and
South Asian tragic incidents. Also debate whether the UN and superpowers played any
role in preventing bloodbath in these regions. (20)

Q. 7. Discuss the strategic importance of “Indian Ocean” in the post Cold War scenario and
analyze the role of the United States and China in the region. Also identify vital political,
economic and strategic interests of both great powers in the contemporary geopolitical
situation. (20)

Q. 8. Critically define “American interests in Afghanistan” and explain its political and
strategic failure in the region and its unnecessary pressure on Pakistan to “do more”
which can destabilize the regional scenario rather than stabilizing the situation. Also
discuss the serious impact of American war on terror on Pakistan’s state, society and