Q. No. 2. Give your peer analysis about the approaches of Al-Ghazālī and Al-Shāṭibī on the
doctrine of maqāṣid al-Sharīʻah. Explore the primary and secondary purposes of this
doctrine and discuss whether maqāṣid al-Sharīʻah are definite in number as determined
by the earlier jurists or they may be increased. (20)

Q. No. 3. Muslim jurists classified offences on the basis of right. Why was there need of this
classification? What important consequences flow from it and what will be the result if
this classification is changed? (20)

Q. No. 4. Define ʻAqd’ according to Muslim jurists. Which are the circumstances that affect the
legal capacity of the parties to execute a contract under Islamic Sharīʻah? (20)

Q. No. 5. Discuss critically the admissibility of inserting stipulations in a marriage contract by
the parties. Your answer should be based on the debates of classical Muslim jurists and
modern scholars. Your own opinion is also required. (20)

Q. No. 6. Imām Shāfiʻī studied deeply the principles of Ḥanafī school of law. He disagreed with
some views of Ḥanafī jurists and established his own independent school. What were
his differences with Ḥanafīs and what did he contribute in modification of Islamic law
and jurisprudence? (20)

Q. No. 7. The four Sunni canonical schools hold Ijmāʻ to be a valid source of law. But it is said
that “there is no workable machinery for the selection of qualified jurists to take part in
Ijmāʻ and for establishing their deliberations in an authoritative form”. Discuss and
give arguments for and against this opinion. (20)

Q. No. 8. Write notes on the following topics: (5 marks each)
(A) Analysis of the terminology Uṣūl al-fiqh
(B) Status of mutawatir tradition
(C) Ṭalāq rajʻī and its rules
(D) Section 4 of Muslim Family Law Ordinance 1961