PART – I (MCQ)

(COMPULSORY)

 

Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (1 × 20 = 20)

 

(i) Psychology may best be described as the scientific study of _____ and _____.

(a) Mental states; Physical states
(b) Thoughts; Emotions
(c) Behaviour; Mental processes
(d) Mental health; Mental illness
(e) None of these

(ii) Freud believed that adult problems usually:

(a) Result in Freudian slip
(b) Result in bad dreams
(c) Can be traced back to critical stage during childhood
(d) Are the result of poor behaviour
(e) None of these

(iii) Gestalt theory emphasizes:

(a) A flow of consciousness
(b) The atoms of thought
(c) Environmental stimuli
(d) Our tendency to see pattern
(e) None of these

(iv) Whereas the _____ asked what happens when an organism does something; the _____ asked how and why.

(a) Functionalist; Behaviourist
(b) Structuralist; Introspectronist
(c) Structuralist; Functionalist
(d) Functionalist; Structuralist
(e) None of these

(v) The _____ lobe is to hearing as the occipital lobe is to vision.

(a) Frontal
(b) Temporal
(c) Parietal
(d) Cerebeller
(e) None of these

(vi) Reflexes are usually controlled by the:

(a) Medulla
(b) Frontal lobe
(c) Spinal cord
(d) Hypothalamus
(e) None of these

(vii) A part of the brain that sends signals “Alert” to higher centres of the brain in response to incoming messages is:

(a) Limbic system
(b) Reticular formation
(c) Amygdala
(d) Hippocampus
(e) None of these

(viii) Perception of the brightness of a colour is affected mainly by:

(a) The amplitude of light waves
(b) The wavelength of light waves
(c) The purity of light waves
(d) The saturation of light waves
(e) None of these

(ix) Which of the following is not a clue for depth perception?

(a) Interposition
(b) Orientation
(c) Linear perspective
(d) Reduced clarity
(e) None of these

(x) Psychophysics is the study of:

(a) Perceptual illness
(b) The psychological perception of physical stimuli
(c) Depth perception
(d) Movement perception
(e) None of these

(xi) Perceptual constancies are:

(a) Illusion in which we perceive something that does not correspond to the sensory information
(b) Confusing to an individual rather than helping him determine what really exists
(c) Likely inborn and not subject to learning
(d) An aid in perceiving a stable and consistent world
(e) None of these

(xii) Which of the following is a subdivision of the autonomic nervous system?

(a) Both the sympathetic and para-sympathetic nervous systems
(b) Only sympathetic nervous system
(c) Only the parasympathetic nervous system
(d) Brain and spinal cord
(e) None of these

(xiii) Any stimulus that follows a behaviour and increases the likelihood that the behaviour will be repeated is called a:

(a) Cue
(b) Situational stimulus
(c) Reinforcer
(d) Punisher
(e) None of these

(xiv) Conditioned response may be eliminated by withdrawing reinforcement. This is known as:

(a) Stimulus generalization
(b) Extinction
(c) Discrimination
(d) Spontaneous recovery
(e) None of these

(xv) The ability to learn by observing a model or receiving instructions, without reinforcement, is called _____ theory.

(a) Cognitive learning
(b) Contingency
(c) Social learning
(d) Instrumental learning
(e) None of these

(xvi) Analysis of avoidance learning suggest that many phobias are acquired through _____ conditioning.

(a) Classical
(b) Operant
(c) Reinforcement
(d) Intermittent
(e) None of these

(xvii) The James-Lange or body reaction theory of emotion says:

(a) You feel emotion then a bodily reaction.
(b) You react with your body first then you feel emotion.
(c) The somatic nervous system is the seat of emotion.
(d) Emotion and visceral reactions are simultaneous.
(e) None of these

(xviii) The frustration-aggression hypothesis:

(a) Assume that aggression is basic instinct
(b) Claims that frustration and aggression are both instinctive.
(c) Assumes that frustration produces aggression.
(d) Was developed by social learning theorist.
(e) None of these

(xix) In Freud’s theory of personality:

(a) The ego obeys the reality principle.
(b) The id operates by secondary process.
(c) The super ego obeys the pleasure principle.
(d) The ego operates by primary process thinking.
(e) None of these

(xx) Which of the following approaches to personality is least deterministic?

(a) The humanistic approach
(b) The psychoanalytic approach
(c) The social learning approach
(d) The behavioural approach
(e) None of these

 

PART-II

 

NOTE:

(i) PART-II is to be attempted on separate Answer Book.

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.

(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

Q.2. State the definition of Psychology as a science. Show your familiarity with the scope of Psychology. (20)

Q.3. Describe briefly the structure and functions of central nervous system. (20)

Q.4. Define learning. Discuss the principle of reinforcement as related to both classical and operant conditioning. (20)

Q.5. Distinguish between sensation and perception. Explain determinants of perception. (20)

Q.6. Critically examine Maslows hierarchy of need theory. (20)

Q.7. Define personality. Discuss the factors in development of personality. (20)

Q.8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20)

(i) Homeostasis
(ii) Frustration and Conflict
(iii) Prejudice
(iv) Endocrine system
(v) Group norms
(vi) Personality test
(vii) Socialization
(viii) Inter group tension

 

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FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BPS-17 UNDER
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2011

PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-II

Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (1 × 20 = 20)

 

(i) The child’s increasing skill at using his muscles is due chiefly to:

(a) Maturation
(b) Learning
(c) Pushing by parents
(d) An opportunity to exercise
(e) None of these

(ii) The stage of prenatal development during which the developing organism is most vulnerable to injury is the:

(a) Zygotic stage
(b) Germinal stage
(c) Foetal stage
(d) Embryonic stage
(e) None of these

(iii) Which of the following is part of the psychosocial domain?

(a) Motor skills
(b) Memory
(c) Judgement
(d) Style of behaving
(e) None of these

(iv) It would be most accurate to say that maturation:

(a) Can be delayed by illness or poor nutrition
(b) Is dramatically accelerated by good nutrition
(c) Is greatly accelerated by good health care and delayed by illness
(d) Is not affected by any environmental factors because it is genetic.
(e) None of these

(v) The first two weeks of life are referred to as:

(a) The period of infancy
(b) The preoperational stage
(c) Early childhood
(d) The neonatal period
(e) None of these

(vi) An individual becomes a member of social group through the process of:

(a) Aging
(b) Socialization
(c) Learning
(d) Maturation
(e) None of these

(vii) When a researcher tests several groups of people at the same time each group at a different age, he is conducting a(n) _____ study.

(a) Observational
(b) Longitudinal
(c) Cross-sectional
(d) Sequential
(e) None of these

(viii) Piaget’s stage for infancy is:

(a) Concrete operations
(b) Formal operation
(c) Pre-operational thought
(d) Sensory motor thoughts
(e) None of these

(ix) Job satisfaction is enhanced by tasks that are:

(a) Challenging but not overwhelming
(b) Very easy to accomplish
(c) Overwhelming and rewarding
(d) Unrelated to one’s personal needs.
(e) None of these

(x) Basic characteristics of tasks that result in social loafing is that they are:

(a) Additive
(b) Subtractive
(c) Multiplicative
(d) Negative
(e) None of these

(xi) The process by which a trained professional uses psychological methods to help people with psychological problem is known as:

(a) Psychiatry
(b) Psychoanalysis
(c) Psychotherapy
(d) Psychosurgery
(e) None of these

(xii) Albert Ellis and Aron Beck are names associated with the _____ therapy approach.

(a) Gestalt
(b) Cognitive
(c) Behavioural
(d) Phenomenological
(e) None of these

(xiii) An affective disorder in which a person swings from one mood extreme to another is classified as:

(a) Manic
(b) Depressive
(c) Unipolar
(d) Bipolar
(e) None of these

(xiv) The leading cause of mental retardation is believed to be:

(a) Fetal alcohol syndrome
(b) Organic brain syndrome
(c) Environmental factors
(d) Inherited traits
(e) None of these

(xv) People who consistently come up with _____ explanations of events are more prone to depression.

(a) Overly optimistic
(b) Pessimistic
(c) Delusional
(d) Dysthymic
(e) None of these

(xvi) According to Piaget the process of building mental representation of the world through direct interaction with it is:

(a) Adaptation
(b) Egocentrism
(c) Metacognition
(d) Conservation
(e) None of these

(xvii) Intelligence can be defined as:

(a) Knowledge of a great many facts
(b) The ability to get good grades in school
(c) The ability to think abstractly and learn from experience
(d) All the factors that make one person different from another.
(e) None of these

(xviii) When people are _____ they have lost touch with reality.

(a) Manic
(b) Neurotic
(c) Psychotic
(d) Psychopathic
(e) None of these

(xix) Which of the following clinical procedures are based, in part on classical conditioning?

(a) Transference
(b) Systematic desensitization
(c) Token economy
(d) Two chair technique
(e) None of these

(xx) Illnesses that seem to result from an interaction of physical and psychological factors are called:

(a) Hysterical
(b) Psychosomatic
(c) Somatic
(d) Conversion disorders
(e) None of these

 

PART-II

 

NOTE:

(i) PART-II is to be attempted on separate Answer Book.

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.

(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

 

Q.2. Differentiate between maturation and development. Identify several factors that can be harmful to the developing foetus. (10 + 10 = 20)

 

Q.3. Discuss different viewpoints regarding abnormality. (20)

 

Q.4. Describe Jean’s Piaget’s four stages of development; and discuss the process of organization, adaptation, assimilation and accommodation. (20)

 

Q.5. List and briefly describe different techniques of behaviour therapy. (20)

 

Q.6. Show your familiarity with psychosomatic disorders. (20)

 

Q.7. Discuss several different approaches to defining intelligence. (20)

 

Q.8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 × 4 = 20)

(i) Job satisfaction
(ii) Drug addiction
(iii) Mental retardation
(iv) Psychosis
(v) Personality assessment
(vi) Work incentives
(vii) Group therapies
(viii) Character disorder

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PART – I (MCQ)

(COMPULSORY)

 

Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (20)

 

(i) _________ psychologists work to improve efficiency of people in business.

(a) Cognitive
(b) Developmental
(c) Industrial/organizational
(d) Physiological
(e) None of these

(ii) Psychology is the science of:

(a) Behaviour & mental processes
(b) Objective introspection
(c) Inductive reasoning
(d) Emotions
(e) None of these

(iii) A hypothesis is:

(a) The independent variable
(b) An explanation of a phenomenon
(c) A testable prediction derived from a theory
(d) The dependent variable
(e) None of these

(iv) The research method used by Freud was:

(a) Correlational method
(b) Naturalistic observation
(c) Survey research
(d) Case study method
(e) None of these

(v) The amount of association between two or more variable is:

(a) Correlation
(b) Naturalistic observation
(c) Reliability
(d) Synchronicity
(e) None of these

(vi) Gestalt theory emphasized:

(a) A flow of consciousness
(b) The atoms of thought
(c) Environmental stimuli
(d) Our tendency to see patterns
(e) None of these

(vii) Short fibers that branch out from the cell body and pick up incoming messages are called:

(a) Dendrites
(b) Axons
(c) Nerves
(d) Terminals
(e) None of these

(viii) The thyroid gland controls:

(a) Glucose absorption
(b) Emotions
(c) Metabolism
(d) Sexuality
(e) None of these

(ix) The ability of the eye to distinguish fine details is called:

(a) Visual dilation
(b) Visual acuity
(c) Visual sensitivity
(d) Adaptation
(e) None of these

(x) A disorder called ___________ results when fluid pressure builds up inside the eye and causes damage to the optic nerve:

(a) Prosopagnia
(b) Achromatospia
(c) Dyslexia
(d) Glaucoma
(e) None of these

(xi) Optical illusions result from distortion in:

(a) Transduction
(b) Sensation
(c) Perception
(d) Adaptation
(e) None of these

(xii) Our general method for dealing with the environment is known as:

(a) Intelligence
(b) Perceptual style
(c) Personality
(d) Cognitive style
(e) None of these

(xiii) External stimuli that lead to goal-directed behaviour are called:

(a) Drives
(b) Needs
(c) Incentives
(d) Reciprocals

(xiv) Most psychologists believe that aggression is:

(a) An innate biological response to frustration
(b) Linked to sexual drive
(c) A learned response
(d) A drive that builds up over time and must be released
(e) None of these

(xv) The process of detecting, translating and transmitting messages from the external environment to the brain is called:

(a) Perception
(b) Sensation
(c) Selective attention
(d) Adaptation
(e) None of these

(xvi) According to Alfred Adler, the prime motivating force in a person’s life is:

(a) Physical gratification
(b) Existential anxiety
(c) Striving for superiority
(d) The need for power
(e) None of these

(xvii) Which of the following learning mechanism does B.F. Skinner see as being the major means by which behaviour is learned?

(a) Classical conditioning
(b) Operant conditioning
(c) Observational learning
(d) Insight learning
(e) None of these

(xviii) Which of the following approaches to personality is least deterministic?

(a) The humanistic approach
(b) The psychoanalytic approach
(c) Skinner’s approach
(d) The behavioural approach
(e) None of these

(xix) Which of the following did Carl Rogers believe fosters a congruent self-concept?

(a) Conditional love
(b) Appropriate role models
(c) Immediate-need gratification
(d) Unconditional love
(e) None of these

(xx) Stereotypes are:

(a) Special types of schemas that are part of people’s shared cultural background

(b) Widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group.

(c) Equivalent to prejudice
(d) Both (a) & (b)
(e) None of these

 

PART – II

 

NOTE:

(i) PART-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.

(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

 

Q.2. Define psychology as a science of behaviour. List the various schools and systems used in psychology. (20)

 

Q.3. Describe the structures and functions of Brain emphasizing the role of neurons as a unit of nervous system. (20)

 

Q.4. Differentiate between classical conditioning and operant conditioning in context of Human Learning. (20)

 

Q.5. Describe the significance of Motivation in human life referring to any one theory of motivation. (20)

 

Q.6. Define perception and sensation and explain how the five senses specially vision and hearing operate? (20)

 

Q.7. Explain the psychoanalytic perspective of personality, giving details of Frueds psychosexual stages of personality development. (20)

 

Q.8. Define ANY TEN of the following: (2 × 10)

(i) Psychometrics
(ii) Unconscious mind
(iii) Perceptual constancy
(iv) Negative Reinforcement
(v) Free Association
(vi) Thematic Apperception Test (T.A.T)
(vii) Stimulus
(viii) Aggression
(ix) Personality traits
(x) Extinction
(xi) Attitudes
(xii) Alturism
(xiii) Group norms
(xiv) Prejudice

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Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (20)

 

(i) In developmental psychology, the term nature refers to _____ factors that influence development.

(a) Biological
(b) Environmental
(c) Physical
(d) All of these
(e) None of these

(ii) In the study of development, the most important biological factor is __________ the systematic physical growth of the body, including the nervous system.

(a) Maturation
(b) Hormones
(c) Growth factors
(d) Environment
(e) None of these

(iii) A biologically determined period in the life of some animals during which certain forms of learning can take place most easily is called a:

(a) Stage
(b) Milestone
(c) Critical period
(d) Landmark
(e) None of these

(iv) ________ is distinguished for major stages of cognitive development, the sensorimotor, the preoperational stage, the concrete operational stage and the formal operational stage.

(a) Jean Piaget
(b) John Bowlby
(c) Sigmund Freud
(d) Harry Harlow
(e) None of these

(v) Kohlberg’s theory of moral development was criticized by Gilligan primarily because:

(a) The data did not support his conclusions
(b) It was based on a study of boys only
(c) It was done so long ago
(d) His subjects consisted of urban children only
(e) None of these

(vi) The rapid increase in weight and height that occurs around the onset of puberty is known as the:

(a) Maturation stage
(b) Physical development stage
(c) Adolescent growth spurt
(d) Menarche
(e) None of these

(vii) The ________ stage is characterized by an ability to use abstract concepts:

(a) Concrete operational
(b) Formal operational
(c) Preoperational
(d) Operational
(e) None of these

(viii) We are more likely to experience which of the following during adolescence than at any other time in our lives?

(a) Moodiness
(b) Parent-child conflicts
(c) Risky behaviour
(d) All of these
(e) None of these

(ix) A therapist who encourages clients to relate their dreams and searches for the unconscious roots of their problems is drawn from:

(a) Psychoanalysis
(b) Humanistic therapies
(c) Person-centered therapy
(d) Cognitive therapy
(e) None of these

(x) Compared to psychoanalytic therapists, humanistic therapists are more likely to emphasize:

(a) Hidden or repressed feelings
(b) Childhood experiences
(c) Psychological disorders
(d) Self-Fulfillment & growth
(e) None of these

(xi) Behaviour therapies apply learning principles to:

(a) Identify and treat the underlying causes of dysfunction
(b) Improve learning and insight
(c) Eliminate the unwanted behaviour
(d) Improve communication and social sensitivity
(e) None of these

(xii) An example of a cognitive therapy is rational-emotive therapy, which is developed by:

(a) Carl Rogers
(b) Joseph Wolpe
(c) Albert Ellis
(d) Allen Bergin
(e) None of these

(xiii) The explicit and implicit rules that a society establishes to govern conduct are referred to as:

(a) Norms
(b) Culture
(c) Morality
(d) Conventions
(e) None of these

(xiv) The violation of a society’s explicit and implicit norms can be viewed as not normal in the sense that the violation is:

(a) Deviant
(b) Distressful
(c) Dysfunctional
(d) A danger to one’s self or to others
(e) None of these

(xv) Which aspect of the definition of abnormality includes unhappiness?

(a) Distress
(b) Deviance
(c) Dysfunction
(d) Danger to self or others
(e) None of these

(xvi) Which of the following is not true regarding people with a mental illness?

(a) They frequently are in considerable distress
(b) Society views such people as in need of help
(c) They usually pose a danger to themselves or others
(d) They usually have behaviour that is in some way different
(e) None of these

(xvii) Dementia is a condition that is characterized by:

(a) General paresis
(b) Physical ailments
(c) A general intellectual decline
(d) The loss of contact with reality
(e) None of these

(xviii) The ancient Greek physicians characterized hysteria as:

(a) Euphoric behaviour
(b) Uncontrollable sobbing
(c) An inability to control emotional responses
(d) A physical ailment without any physical cause
(e) None of these

(xix) What model of mental illness did most people hold during the middle ages?

(a) The moral model
(b) The medical model
(c) The psychogenic model
(d) The supernatural model
(e) None of these

(xx) The first medical practitioner to specialize in mental illness was:

(a) Johan Weyer
(b) William Tuke
(c) Benjamin Rush
(d) Sigmund Freud
(e) None of these

 

PART – II

 

NOTE:

(i) PART-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.

(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

 

Q.2. Define growth and development and discuss the basic processes and stages of development highlighting the nature nurture theory. (20)

 

Q.3. Explain the pre + natal development and infancy period of development. Write down the role of genetics and heredity in chromosomal disorder or abnormality. (20)

 

Q.4. What are the various areas of human development. Define and describe the significance of intellectual development in comparison with other areas of development in child development. (20)

 

Q.5. Explain the concept of Abnormality. Briefly describe the goals of clinical diagnosis and write about either personality or behavioural assessment. (20)

 

Q.6. Define therapy. List the various therapies used in psychology and write about ANY ONE briefly. (20)

 

Q.7. Describe what do you know about Biological and Sociological factors relating to maladjustment and crime psychology? (20)

 

Q.8. Define ANY TEN of the following: (2 × 10)

(i) Maturation
(ii) Infancy
(iii) Imprinting
(iv) Neo-natal period
(v) Object permanence
(vi) Chromosomal Abnormality
(vii) Psycho-Somatic Disorder
(viii) Psycho Therapy
(ix) I.Q.
(x) Drug Addiction
(xi) Juvenile Delinquency
(xii) Neurotic Disorder
(xiii) Psychosis
(xiv) Group Dynamics

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PART – I (MCQ)

(COMPULSORY)

 

Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (20)

 

(i) In psychology, case studies are used to:

(a) Draw conclusions about individual behavior on the basis of group finding
(b) Draw general conclusions about behavior of the client
(c) Assess heritability of individual
(d) Show importance of case study
(e) None of these

(ii) Psychology is concerned with the study of:

(a) How groups exchange resources
(b) Overt behavior only
(c) Mind and behavior
(d) How aggregate behavior is specified
(e) None of these

(iii) An independent variable is:

(a) The only variable of interest
(b) A variable that is independently verified
(c) A variable whose value depends on dependent variable
(d) The variable that is manipulated by experimenter
(e) None of these

(iv) Introspection is:

(a) A scientific method used to study dreams
(b) A psychotherapeutic technique where the patient gives a running account of Internal dialogues
(c) A process used to uncover symbolic representations in dream
(d) The analysis of the contents of our own thoughts
(e) None of these

(v) The law of effect states that:

(a) Close temporal contiguity is the key characteristic in forming an association between stimulus and response
(b) A response will be strengthened if the organism is rewarded for that response
(c) Effect is strong if the effect is long lasting
(d) Response generalize across similar surroundings
(e) None of these

(vi) Structuralism and functionalism are similar in that both:

(a) Emphasize the analysis of mental structures to explain behavior
(b) Emphasize the fluid, personal nature of consciousness
(c) Regard psychology as the science of conscious experience
(d) Emphasize the observation of behavior rather than consciousness
(e) None of these

(vii) The school of psychology that argues that nearly all behavior is a result of conditioning and that the environment shapes behavior is labeled:

(a) Gestalt, Wertheimer
(b) Psychoanalytic, Freud
(c) Behaviorism, Tichener
(d) Behaviorism, Watson
(e) None of these

(viii) Chemicals which are produced in the brain and facilitate communication between nerve cells are called:

(a) Neurotransmitters
(b) Plasmas
(c) Syntactic structures
(d) Adrenocorticoids
(e) None of these

(ix) Psychologists, who typically apply psychological principles to diagnose and treat emotional problems, including mental illness and marital and family conflict, are in the subfield called:

(a) Biological
(b) Clinical and counseling
(c) Social and personality
(d) School and educational
(e) None of these

(x) The first step in any research project is generating a:

(a) Theory
(b) Experiment
(c) Hypothesis
(d) Proposition
(e) None of these

(xi) The discipline that deals with sampling data from a population and then drawing inferences about the population from the sample is:

(a) Hypothesis testing
(b) Statistics
(c) Multivariate experimentation
(d) Independent sampling
(e) None of these

(xii) When two variables are correlated, variation in one?

(a) May possibly cause variation in the other
(b) Can only be inferred with social validation
(c) Can be the cause of variation in the other only if the correlation is positive
(d) Always suggests a casual relationship with the other
(e) None of these

(xiii) In the early stages of research, the most efficient way of making progress toward explaining a phenomenon is to:

(a) Videotape
(b) Precisely measure
(c) Survey
(d) Observe
(e) None of these

(xiv) A scholarly summary of a body of research on some topic is called:

(a) Case history
(b) Literature review
(c) Meta-analysis
(d) Theory
(e) None of these

(xv) The principle governing the ethical treatment of human participants in research essentially states that the hazards anticipated in the research project should be not greater than those encountered in daily activities:

(a) Informed consent
(b) Right to privacy
(c) Minimal risk
(d) Informed participants
(e) None of these

(xvi) S_R psychology is an approach associated with the perspective:

(a) Behavioral
(b) Psychoanalytic
(c) Cognitive
(d) Subjectivist
(e) None of these

(xvii) Psychologists, who are interested in the perception of motion, part – whole relationships and in how people judge size were identified with what school of psychology?

(a) Psychoanalytic
(b) Gestalt
(c) Behavioral
(d) Structural
(e) None of these

(xviii) The center of Freud’s theory is the thoughts, attitudes, impulses, wished and motivations of which we are unaware:

(a) Conditioning Concept
(b) Unconsciousness
(c) Biological motivation proposition
(d) Multivariate construct
(e) None of these

(xix) Relating overt behavior to electrical and chemical events taking place inside the body is characteristic of which contemporary psychological perspective?

(a) Behavioral
(b) Subjectivist
(c) Biological
(d) Cognitive
(e) None of these

(xx) The subjectivist perspective in psychology:

(a) Is most like cognitive one
(b) Is generally not influenced by cultural and emotional variables
(c) Has been most pervasive
(d) All of the above
(e) None of the above

 

PART – II

 

NOTE:

(i) PART-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.

(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

 

Q.2. Define Psychology and describe in brief about the various schools of psychology. (20)

 

Q.3. Describe the development of Nervous System with special emphasis on the central nervous system. (20)

 

Q.4. Introduce the various theories of Learning and Explain the concepts of Classical Conditioning. (20)

 

Q.5. Describe the nature of Emotion in reflection to different approaches for understanding Emotions. (20)

 

Q.6. List the various theories of personality and write about the best one in detail. (20)

 

Q.7. Write down the components that comprise attitudes, specially in reflection to the cognitive and affective reactions to Social Events. (20)

 

Q.8. Write short notes on ANY FOUR of the following: (5+5+5+5)

(i) Trends in Psychology
(ii) Peripheral Nervous System
(iii) Brain
(iv) Transfer and interference
(v) Maslow, Theory of Motivation
(vi) Emotions and Characteristics
(vii) Frustration and conflict
(viii) Defense Mechanism

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FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BPS-17 UNDER
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2009

PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-II

Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (20)

 

(i) A child is creating new schemata to account for new information, Piaget calls this process:

(a) Assimilation
(b) Accommodation
(c) Operations
(d) Function autonomy
(e) None of these

(ii) Children begin to understand and use abstractions during which of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?

(a) Oral stages
(b) Preoperational stage
(c) Stage of formal operations
(d) Secondary stage
(e) None of these

(iii) Which theoretical viewpoint emphasizes the importance of learning for understanding development?

(a) Freudian theory
(b) Information processing theory
(c) Ecological theory
(d) Behavioral theory
(e) None of these

(iv) Behavior is governed by its consequences, describe:

(a) Operant conditioning
(b) Psychological crisis
(c) Supply demand theory
(d) The Yerkes Dodson law
(e) None of these

(v) Which of the following statements is incorrect?

(a) Genetic influence affects children more than adults
(b) Even if genetic factors underlie a particular behavior, it is subjected to change
(c) Traits such as extroversion and introversion are influenced by genes
(d) Intelligence has a genetic basis
(e) None of these

(vi) If characteristic requires only one gene to show it self the characteristics is considered:

(a) Dominant
(b) Co-dominant
(c) Incompletely dominant
(d) Recessive
(e) None of these

(vii) A genetic disorder in which the production of mucus affects the respiratory system is?

(a) Huntington’s disease
(b) Down syndrome
(c) Cystic fibrosis
(d) Sickle cell anemia
(e) None of these

(viii) Aptitudes are:

(a) Preferences to perform certain activities
(b) High levels of achievement in an area of endeavor
(c) The abilities of individual to learn in specific areas of endeavor
(d) Skills one brings to a given task
(e) None of these

(ix) In psychological research, a ________ is defined as an entity that can occur with different values:

(a) Hypothesis
(b) Measurement system
(c) Variable
(d) Experimental group
(e) None of these

(x) The ability to exercise precise control over a variable is what distinguishes the _________ method from other methods of scientific observation?

(a) Control group identification
(b) Randomized selection
(c) Hypothesis testing
(d) Experimental
(e) None of these

(xi) Consideration of participants in psychological research as _________ in the research enterprise is a central principle of ethical research today:

(a) Informed participants
(b) Full partners
(c) Willing participants
(d) Co-investigators
(e) None of these

(xii) Maturation refers to:

(a) The attainment of successive stages of cognitive development
(b) Relatively stable changes in an individual’s thought or behavior as a result of a biological process of aging
(c) Relatively stable changes in an individual’s thought or behavior as a result of accumulating experience
(d) The development of an individual’s thought and behavior due to interactions of biological and environmental factors
(e) None of these

(xiii) Learning refers to:

(a) The attainment of successive stages of cognitive development
(b) Changes in an individual’s thought or behavior as a result of biological processes of aging
(c) Changes in an individual’s thought and behavior as a result of accumulating experience
(d) The development of an individual’s thought and behavior due to interactions of biological and environmental factors
(e) None of these

(xiv) Psychodynamic determinism refers to:

(a) Behavior that is ruled by forces over which we have no control
(b) Behavior that is preconscious in origin
(c) Id impulses that will forever remain unfulfilled
(d) The delimiting characteristic of superego
(e) None of these

(xv) According to Freudian dream terminology, condensation refers to:

(a) Repressed urges that find disguised outlets for expression
(b) The bizarre, irrational quality of dream
(c) The process whereby unacceptable thoughts or impulses are combined into a single dream image
(d) Process whereby one thing may stand for another in dream Interpretation
(e) None of these

(xvi) According to one definition, behavior is abnormal if it is:

(a) Labeled as abnormal, by the society in which the individual lives
(b) Not under conscious control by individual statistically typical
(c) Statistically typical
(d) Adaptive to the individual
(e) None of these

(xvii) Axis III in DSM-IV addresses:

(a) The major abnormal disorders
(b) Primary personality disorders
(c) Physical disorder
(d) The severity of psychological symptoms
(e) None of these

(xviii) An individual who is identified as having a borderline personality disorder shows:

(a) Persecutory thoughts
(b) Exhibitionistic tendencies
(c) Instability in mood and social relations
(d) Apathy and indifference to opinions of others
(e) None of these

(xix) The clinical interview typically includes:

(a) A follow up evaluation and assessment after therapy is terminated
(b) The initial diagnosis of a client’s psychological functioning
(c) The psycho physiological assessment
(d) The client’s initial and final evaluation
(e) None of these

(xx) Two explicitly directive psychotherapeutic approaches are:

(a) Behavior therapy & psychodynamic therapy
(b) Behavior therapy & humanistic therapy
(c) Humanistic therapy & existential therapy
(d) Cognitive therapy & behavior therapy
(e) None of these

 

PART – II

 

NOTE:

(i) PART-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.

(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

 

Q.2. Define Growth, development and maturation and explain the role of biological and socio-cultural factors in the process of development. (20)

 

Q.3. Differentiate between ANY TWO of the following Development Area: (10+10)

(i) Physical Development – Social Development
(ii) Sensory Development – Intellectual Development
(iii) Perceptual Development – Emotional Development
(iv) Personality Development – Fine Motor Development

 

Q.4. List the different types of Assessment Procedures/Tools used for clinical diagnosis and explain the significance of clinical judgment in the process of Assessment. (20)

 

Q.5. List various therapies used in Psychological Treatment and write about any two in detail. (20)

 

Q.6. Define intelligence in reference to factors of intelligence and write how intelligence test can be used for identification of disability in general and mental retardation in specific? (20)

 

Q.7. Describe the role of biological and sociological factors in development of maladjustment and criminal behavior and explain the treatment strategies. (20)

 

Q.8. Define ANY FIVE of the following: (4 Each)

(i) Infancy
(ii) Genetics
(iii) Chromosomal abnormality
(iv) Motor development
(v) Emotional patterns
(vi) Mental Retardation
(vii) Character Disorder
(viii) Jevenile Delinquency
(ix) Group dynamics

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