Psychology Past Papers 2013

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FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BPS-17 UNDER
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2013

PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I

PART – I (MCQ)

(COMPULSORY)

Q.1.
(i) Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate circle on the OMR Answer Sheet. (20 × 1 = 20)
(ii) Answers given anywhere other than the OMR Answer Sheet shall not be considered.

1. In which way is behaviour different from mental processes?

(a) Introspection
(b) Observation
(c) Research
(d) Psychoanalysis

2 Who is particularly interested in studying patterns of behaviour, beliefs, and values that are shared by people?

(a) Social Psychologist
(b) Experimental Psychologist
(c) Clinical Psychologist
(d) Psychoanalyst

3 Who believed that the mind is composed of senses, ideas, images, and feelings?

(a) William James
(b) Titchner
(c) Carl Rogers
(d) Wundt

4 Which perspective of psychology focuses on determining the extent to which psychological characteristics, such as memory, intelligence, or emotionality, are influenced by heredity?

(a) Neuroscience
(b) Biogenic
(c) Cognitive
(d) Socio-cultural

5 Which of the following relates to disorders in the comprehension or production of speech?

(a) Dysphasia
(b) Aphasia
(c) Broca’s Area
(d) All of these

6 Which lobe of the brain is involved in planning, decision-making, and some aspects of language?

(a) Frontal
(b) Parietal
(c) Temporal
(d) Occipital

7 Which neurotransmitter plays an important role in the experience of pleasure?

(a) Serotonin
(b) Dopamine
(c) Norepinephrine
(d) Acetylcholine

8 The hormone cortisol, produced by the adrenal gland, is responsible for which of the following functions?

(a) Reducing body activity to take rest
(b) Activating the body to prepare for a stressful situation
(c) Balancing homeostasis
(d) Planning and decision-making

9 The process through which a learned response stops occurring due to the non-availability of reinforcement is called:

(a) Spontaneous recovery
(b) Generalization
(c) Punishment
(d) Extinction

10. When a teacher appreciates his students every time they ask questions, with the hope that this will enable them to handle more technical questions in the future, he is using which type of conditioning?

(a) Classical conditioning
(b) Shaping
(c) Modeling
(d) Reinforcing

11. In classical conditioning, the organism creates an association between:

(a) Two situations
(b) Two consequences
(c) Two responses
(d) Two stimuli

12. Which area of the hypothalamus is responsible for satiety behaviour?

(a) Lateral hypothalamus
(b) Ventromedial hypothalamus
(c) Hyperphagia
(d) Antidiuretic hormone

13 Which of the following is not a characteristic of self-actualized people according to Maslow?

(a) They live creatively and fully, using their potentials.
(b) They have efficient perceptions of reality, self, and others.
(c) They are sensitive to the fake and dishonest.
(d) They feel ashamed of their negative emotions.

14. According to Freud’s theory, the process through which individuals release their excessive aggressive energy is called:
(a) Dream work (b) Psychoanalysis (c) Catharsis (d) Slips of tongue

15. A layer of nerve cells at the back of the eye which converts light waves into electrical impulses is
known as:
(a) Retina (b) Fovea (c) Cornea (d) Iris

16. The process through which brain uses the two retinal images into one three dimensional perception is
called:
(a) Depth perception (b) Binocular cues (c) Stereopsis (d) Retinal disparity

17. Which of the following is not an attribute of extroversion in the ‘Big Five Factors’ Theory of Personality?
(a) Sociable (b) Talkative (c) Self-conscious (d) Affectionate

18. Which part of personality opposes the irrational desires of id according to Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality?
(a) Ego (b) Psychic energy (c) Super ego (d) Libido

19. A psychological test is good only when it measures what it is supposed to measure. This statement refers to which of the following?
(a) Degree to which it is objective, precise and short
(b) Degree to which it is consistent across several administrations
(c) Degree to which it is norm based
(d) Degree to which it is psychometrically sound

20. Which aspect of social interaction is measured by the theory of planned behaviour?
(a) Group Formation (b) Attachment (c) Socialization (d) Attitudes

PART-II

NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
(iii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iv) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

Q.2. How did theorists belonging to functionalism define psychology? How did functionalism influence psychology as the science of behaviour and mental processes? (10+10)

Q.3. Discuss role of brain in the experience of emotions. (20)

Q.4. How do individual and cultural factors influence our perception? Discuss with examples. (20)

Q.5. Define operant conditioning. How the processes involved in operant conditioning influence our everyday learning experiences? Justify your argument with examples. (5+10+5)

Q.6. Compare and contrast any two theories of attitude formation. Highlight their drawbacks as well. (15+5)

Q.7. What is the rational behind using projective tests of personality? How TAT and Rorschach Ink Blot test are different in terms of their structure and psychometric qualities? (5+15)

Q.8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 each)
(a) Causes of illusions (b) Defense mechanisms
(c) Latent learning (d) Interference theory of learning
(e) Affiliation motive (f) Agents of socialization
(20)

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BPS-17 UNDER
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2013

PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-II

PART – I (MCQ)

(COMPULSORY)

Q.1. (i) Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate Circle on the OMR Answer Sheet. (20x1=20)
(ii) Answers given anywhere, other than OMR Answer Sheet, shall not be considered.

1. A strategy used by the ego to defend itself against the anxiety provoked by the conflict of everyday life refers to:
(a) Defense mechanism (b) Displacement (c) Rationalzation (d) Ego-ideal (e) None of these

2. Development is about to:
(a) Change (b) Age (c) Gender (d) Genes (e) None of these

3. The self-image formed during adolescence that integrates and individual’s ideas of what he or she is and wants to be refers to:
(a) Ego-ideal (b) Ego-identity (c) Crisis (d) Ego (e) None of these

4. The theory of how people explain other’s behaviour by attributing it either to internal disposition or to external situation refers to:
(a) Attribution theory (b) Dispositional attribution (c) Situational attribution
(d) Attributing causality (e) None of these

5. The behavioural approach is to rewards and punishments as the cognitive approach is to:
(a) Biological processes (b) The humanistic struggle for self fulfilment (c) Individual genetic make up
(d) Internal processes of the mind or mental events (e) None of these

6. Which of the following perspectives of psychology is most concerned with individuals reaching their maximum potential?
(a) Behavioural (b) Cognitive (c) Humanistic (d) Psychoanalytic (e) None of these

7. Jobs can be redesigned to make the work more interesting, challenging and to increase responsibility and opportunities for achievement.
(a) Job satisfaction (b) Job specification (c) Job enrichment (d) Job description (e) None of these

8. The basic difference between obsession and compulsion is:
(a) The former involves preoccupation with certain thoughts while the later involves preoccupation with certain actions
(b) The former is a mood disorder whereas the later is an anxiety disorder
(c) The former is diagnosed along with the Axis III of DSM-IV whereas the later is diagnosed along with the Axis II of DSM-IV
(d) There is no difference between the two disorders (e) None of these

9. The process by which egg are ripened and released is called:
(a) Ovulation (b) Mitosis (c) Fertilization (d) Implantation (e) None of these

10. The process by which we learn not to respond to similar stimuli in an identical manner:
(a) Generalization (b) Extinction (c) Discrimination (d) All of these (e) None of these

11. Which method of gathering information about the brain indicates overall activity of the brain?
(a) Positron Emission Tomography (PET scan) (b) Electroencephalogram (EEG)
(c) Electrical stimulation (d) Studying damage to the brain (e) None of these

12. The physiological and psychological response to stress referred as:
(a) Transition (b) Stressors (c) Strain (d) Hypertension (e) None of these

13. A behavioural technique for reducing anxiety in which patients practice relaxation while visualizing anxiety provoking situations of increasing intensity refers:
(a) Symptom Substitution (b) Time-out (c) Systematic Desensitization
(d) Token Economy (e) None of these

14. The ability to acquire information from the culture such as vocabulary and the kind of information learned in the schools is an example of what type of intelligence?
(a) Fluid intelligence (b) Componential intelligence (c) Crystallized intelligence
(d) Contextual intelligence (e) None of these

15. Critics of Freudian psychoanalysis maintain that this form of therapy:
(a) Does not put enough emphasis on sex.
(b) Can be harmful by tolerating or encouraging transference.
(c) Is good mostly for treating phobias. (d) Is too quick to be effective.
(e) Is too scientific and impersonal.

16. When Maya first saw a violent movie, she was scared and disgusted. But now that she has seen several such movies, she is barely affected by them Maya has experienced:
(a) Habituation (b) Displacement (c) Cultivation (d) Catharsis (e) None of these

17. A person’s intelligence quotient, or IQ, initially represented the ratio of a person’s _________age divided by his or her ___________age.
(a) Chronological, Mental (b) Mental, Chronological (c) Real, Intentional
(d) Chronological, Neurological (e) None of these

18. Which of the following is true regarding the relative influence of genes and the environment of behaviour?
(a) Genes are the primary influence before birth, and environment is the primary influence following birth.
(b) Environment is the primary influence throughout life.
(c) Genes are primary influence on the development of physical structures, and environment factors are a great influence on the development of behavioural capacities.
(d) In no sence can either genes or environment be said to be a great influence than the other.
(e) None of these

19. Why do similarities in the IQ of raised-together siblings tend to disappear as the children grow older?
(a) The genes that differentiate intellectual abilities are dormant until the approach of puberty.
(b) As children mature and become increasingly autonomous, they each tend to create a unique environment.
(c) Siblings learn to over-compensate for deficiencies in each other’s abilities.
(d) All of these (e) None of these

20. The Release of emotions is called:
(a) Behaviour change (b) Insight (c) Mastery (d) Catharsis (e) None of these

PART-II

Q.2. Give your valuable comments on the importance of Developmental Psychology. (20)

Q.3. What do your know about the various methods of studying Infant Behaviour? Discuss in detail. (20)

Q.4. Why did American Psychiatric Association adopt multi-axial system of diagnosis in Diagnostic and statistical Manual? What are the distinguishing features of depression and generalized anxiety by virtue of which the two disorders have discrete diagnosis? (20)

Q.5. “Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) is a form of psychotherapy and a philosophy of living created by Albert Ellis in the 1950’s.” In your opinion, to what extent it can be judged successful in the contemporary psychotherapies? (20)

Q.6. Many theories have been advanced to explain the causes of Juvenile Delinquency. To your mind how our society may come to deal preventively with this problem? (20)

Q.7. “The study and measurement of Intelligence has been an important topic for nearly hundred years.” Discuss in length the topic. Also describe briefly the main reasons of Mantel Retardation? (20)

Q.8. Write short notes on any TWO of the following:-
a) Creativity b) Behaviour Modification c) Job Satisfaction
(10 each) (20)

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Psychology Past Papers 2013 - Psychology Past Papers

Psychology Past Papers 2013

PART – I (MCQ)

(COMPULSORY)

1. In which way is behaviour different from mental processes?

2 Who is particularly interested in studying patterns of behaviour, beliefs, and values that are shared by people?

3 Who believed that the mind is composed of senses, ideas, images, and feelings?

4 Which perspective of psychology focuses on determining the extent to which psychological characteristics, such as memory, intelligence, or emotionality, are influenced by heredity?

5 Which of the following relates to disorders in the comprehension or production of speech?

6 Which lobe of the brain is involved in planning, decision-making, and some aspects of language?

7 Which neurotransmitter plays an important role in the experience of pleasure?

8 The hormone cortisol, produced by the adrenal gland, is responsible for which of the following functions?

9 The process through which a learned response stops occurring due to the non-availability of reinforcement is called:

10. When a teacher appreciates his students every time they ask questions, with the hope that this will enable them to handle more technical questions in the future, he is using which type of conditioning?

11. In classical conditioning, the organism creates an association between:

12. Which area of the hypothalamus is responsible for satiety behaviour?

13 Which of the following is not a characteristic of self-actualized people according to Maslow?

PART – I (MCQ)

(COMPULSORY)