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Express Tribune Editorials 2nd march 2025

Posted: Tue Mar 04, 2025 3:02 am
by danish
Low wheat crop

The anticipated shortfall in wheat output is raising significant concern about grain imports putting additional stress on the country's foreign exchange reserves.

The finance ministry recently estimated that annual output would fall by about 11%, or 3.5 million tons, largely due to unfavourably dry weather predicted in the coming months. While a decline was always likely, given that experts had ranked last year's crop as a bumper crop, the decline is still notable because it could have been offset if the government had been quick on its feet and set wheat prices and procurement targets in advance to encourage farmers.

Instead, because of the lax approach of the federal and provincial governments, we can expect at least a billion dollars of precious forex to be dedicated to imports. And while some members of the ruling parties have pointed to the IMF's push for deregulation of commodity prices, the government unilaterally decided to forgo control prices a year before the IMF's deadline.

The government's continuing unwillingness and inability to stabilise commodity prices keeps taking an unnecessary toll, not only on the food industry, but on everyday citizens who must budget for wild fluctuations in the prices of staple goods. While inflation has decreased dramatically in recent months, the carnage of the last few years has left millions of Pakistanis in precarious situations, and they deserve any opportunity possible to plan ahead.

It is also worth noting that food insecurity is widely cited as one of the stressful factors that eats away at people's mental health around the world. Meanwhile, the ubiquity of wheat in our food ecosystem means that a significant price increase for wheat products due to expensive imports could have a knock-on effect on other commodities.

And although there is no shortcut to increasing wheat supplies or stablising prices, the government still needs to be proactive by finding ways to work within the IMF framework to ensure farmers are fairly compensated and market prices are consistently affordable.

Space ambitions

Pakistan is poised to make history by sending its first astronaut into space, a move made possible through an agreement between the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (Suparco) and the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA). Under this partnership, two Pakistani astronauts will undergo training in China, with one eventually joining a mission aboard the China Space Station. This is undoubtedly a significant step forward, signaling Pakistan's growing interest in space exploration.

The initiative reflects the deepening of bilateral ties and opens new avenues for collaboration in space exploration. However, beneath the excitement, Pakistan's role in this mission is largely symbolic. The training, research and execution of the mission are all happening in China, with Pakistan contributing little in terms of technology or expertise.

While international collaboration is essential, it must serve as a stepping stone toward self-sufficiency, not a permanent model of dependence. Suparco, once a regional pioneer, has failed to keep pace with global advancements. In contrast, India's space programme has developed its own launch vehicles, sent missions to Mars and the Moon, and is now preparing for manned spaceflight.

Pakistan, on the other hand, has struggled to build a sustainable space programme, relying entirely on foreign assistance for satellite launches and now, for astronaut training. Pakistan must invest in local research, setting up advanced astronaut training facilities and fostering an ecosystem that encourages innovation in aerospace technology.

The government must recognise that space exploration has tangible benefits, including advancements in satellite communication, climate monitoring and national security.

Strengthening ties with China is a step in the right direction, but it should be accompanied by policies that prioritise local development. A smart government does not merely celebrate, it ensures that knowledge transfer leads to indigenous growth.

Trump-Zelensky duel

The phase of public-diplomacy conducted at the Oval Office of White House has critically divided world opinion, and there are now more supporters of Ukraine than before. US President Donald Trump's inconsiderate conversation with his Ukrainian counterpart, Volodymyr Zelensky, will always be remembered under the key-words of 'spontaneous, rude and impolite', but in their respective national interest.

The fact that the discourse was open to media telecast, and the stakeholders were out to make strong points in their spheres of argument has highlighted the dangers and complications in the Russo-Ukrainian war. Moreover, it was surprising and epoch-making to see Trump playing the devil's advocate by trying to prevail over Kiev to sign on the dotted lines with the Kremlin.

Zelensky was time and again coerced in a loud pitch, and was made to believe that neither his country is winning, nor are the chips in his favour without the support of the US. In brief, he was offered an olive branch for face saving at the cost of suzerainty.

The attitude problem from a no-nonsense person like Trump led to some undiplomatic vibes, and the world perhaps for the first time got to know how intricate diplomacy is conducted behind the scenes. Zelensky, nonetheless, won kudos from his European allies as he stood his ground, and subsequently left the White House without being feasted. That also dashed the administration's hopes for making Kiev sign on a multi-billion dollars mineral deal in favour of Washington, sending down an earnest message to Moscow that it's not all over as far as Ukraine is concerned.

Zelensky, however, emerged taller than he is from the White House duel, as he thanked his allies and kept doors open for a dialogue with Washington. The 'shouting' and 'meltdown' is the new narrative of the conflict, and has inevitably underscored the need for striking a consensual path among the warring sides.

With Putin keeping his fingers crossed as Trump is out to bridge the gap with Zelensky, and also make Europe realise its folly of pushing Kiev over the brink, there is an opportunity in disaster for a compromise of the century.


Re: Express Tribune Editorials 3th march 2025

Posted: Tue Mar 04, 2025 3:08 am
by danish
Karachi vaccine refusals
Despite being Pakistan's largest and most urbanised city, Karachi has the highest polio vaccine refusal cases in the country. Recent reports have revealed that out of 42,999 refusal cases, 41,875 were from Karachi and only 1,124 were from the remaining districts of Sindh.

These statistics raise serious questions about a conventionally assumed link between vaccination refusal rates and literacy rates, unveiling widespread misinformed convictions in an otherwise educated region.

The first nationwide polio campaign of 2025 ran from 3rd February till 9th February, vaccinating over 45 million children. However, even after consistent efforts by the Pakistan National Polio Eradication Program, 2 new polio cases have been reported this year in Sindh and Punjab. This leaves Pakistan and Afghanistan as the only countries in the world where wild poliovirus type 1 is still endemic.

A WHO case study identified medical misconceptions as the leading cause for vaccine refusal, followed by religious myths. Most misconceptions are formed due to unsubstantiated claims about children falling ill or even passing away after getting vaccinated – claims officially refuted.

Infertility, impotency and adverse side effects are all wrongly attributed to these vaccines. There have also been incidents regarding local mosques misleadingly labeling polio vaccines as dangerous and calling them a 'Western conspiracy'. While some parents refuse to administer vaccines due to security concerns, particularly in the aftermath of the 2019 Peshawar incident where extremist protesters, provoked by false news, burned down health units.

There is a dire need to organise targeted awareness campaigns and initiatives, such as the Islamic Advisory Group on Polio Eradication, to combat these false beliefs that endanger the lives of innocent children. Releasing statistical reports on our failure to end poliovirus is the first step to creating much-needed urgency, but more robust mechanisms need to be put in place.


Of cross-border infiltration
It's an open and shut case of espionage, cross-border terrorism and sabotage as Kulbhushan Jadhav lingers in Pakistan's imprisonment. The former Indian naval officer, with a pseudonym on his travel documents, was arrested nine years ago on this day (March 3, 2016) from Pakistan's Balochistan province, and subsequently confessed to his unending list of crimes.

Since then, it's a pity that the international community is silent and has failed to take on India for its extraterritorial designs. Though Kulbhushan's case came up for trial at The Hague, the international jurists too were found perplexed in charting a roadmap of relevance and legality.


Perhaps, this has come to haunt with more terrorism plots from New Delhi that was found instrumental in the killing of Sikh separatist leaders in Canada and similar high-profile meddling in the US.

Kulbhushan, the condemned prisoner, sits at the tip of the iceberg of terror fissure whose epic centre is manned and executed by RAW, India's premier intelligence agency. This is no allegation as the Canadian PM and officials of the US Department of Defense are on record blaming India for trigger-happiness in their respective countries.

Last but not least, The Economist and The Guardian, reputed newspapers, have filtered through a plethora of investigative stories to confirm accusations against India of killing more than 20 people inside Pakistan. This charge incidentally is accepted in audacity by Indian authorities too who believe in coercion and intimidation as a policy tool.

Pakistan has been a victim of terrorism for decades, and its neighbours on the east and west have a hand in it. Sleeper cells run and financed by India, apart from influx of unscrupulous elements from Afghanistan in cahoots with BLA, TTP and the likes, have come to bleed Pakistan.

A think tank, PIPS, has documented that there has been an alarming rise in terrorism in the year 2024, with 95% of the incidents concentrated in the restive provinces of K-P and Balochistan. The least that is expected of the global community is to keep a check on Kabul and Delhi, to ensure that terrorist outfits and Kulbhushans do not go scot-free.


Missed targets
The tax collection machinery is once again under the spotlight as it has missed the stipulated target, and is lagging behind Rs606 billion in the first eight months of this fiscal year.

The target for July-February was Rs7.95 trillion. This performance lacunae has many reasons, including an inconsistent approach from the FBR sleuths, a degenerated environment in terms of production and the sluggish trend that is forecasted for growth.


The IMF too is sceptical as it has lowered the country's growth estimate to 3% from its own earlier projection of 3.2%, irrespective of the fact that global economic recovery is on a sound-footing. A slump in exports and pestering political instability are other avenues that are detrimental to a promising economy, soliciting more than ad hoc measures to fix the fox in the woods.

The FBR, which is supposed to be an autonomous revenue generation organ, seems to be infected with meddling and blatant interference from the Finance Ministry. The unceremonious outposting of a grade-20 officer for her rightly questioning the finance minister office's irrelevant demands is a case in point, and hints at the specter of demoralisation that upright officers face in their call for duty.

Thus, it is no surprise that dedication to official chores takes a backseat as officers and lower staff feel content with shoddy work. It is also ironic that on one hand the government is in a revenue crisis, and on the other it has the audacity to expand the cabinet by inducting more cronies for the sake of political appeasement. That culture is prevalent as the donors are wary of corruption trends in the economy, and the lack of accountability that the system endures.

The FBR and other constitutional bodies, including the judiciary, should be free from interference and that is how we can overcome stagnation, parochialism and a sense of disgust in our nationhood. Generating growth, expanding exports and ensuring an attractive environment for foreign investors is the way to go, and not official egoism for flagging an elite culture.

Re: Express Tribune Editorials 4th march 2025

Posted: Tue Mar 04, 2025 3:14 am
by danish
Abandoned daughters
The bodies of five newborn girls, discarded like garbage and mutilated by stray animals in Sialkot, reveal a horrifying reality of Pakistan's deep-seated disregard for female life. This is a symptom of a society's moral deprivation, where daughters are still seen as burdens, where gender preference is so deeply entrenched that some choose to kill rather than raise a girl.

While the police have launched an investigation, scouring CCTV footage and using intelligence networks to trace those responsible, or so they claim, the real question that should be asked is: what drives parents to abandon their own blood in such a brutal manner? Even more horrific is the fact that this is not an isolated incident. Across Pakistan, baby girls are frequently left to die in dumpsters and deserted streets, yet the nation remains disturbingly silent. The law already criminalises infanticide, but weak enforcement and societal complicity allow this cruelty to persist. Therefore, harsher penalties for infanticide and child abandonment must be reinforced, ensuring that those who commit such crimes are held accountable. The government must go beyond arrests and also focus on prevention. Safe havens - such as the cradles placed outside Edhi centres - must be expanded so desperate parents have alternatives. Religious leaders, too, must speak out, making it clear that Islam condemns the killing of children, regardless of gender.

Beyond policy measures, there must be a fundamental shift in how daughters are perceived in society. A key driver of gender discrimination is the belief that daughters are financial liabilities, often due to cultural expectations surrounding dowry and limited economic opportunities for women. To counter this, the government should invest in initiatives that empower women economically, such as vocational training programmes and incentives for female entrepreneurship. When families see that daughters can contribute financially, the stigma surrounding their birth may begin to fade.


Rising tide of terrorism
As terrorists continue to strike at will – mainly in Balochistan and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa provinces – the month of February witnessed more civilian deaths than of soldiers. According to the findings of Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies, an Islamabad-based think tank, February 2025 marked the first month since August 2024 in which civilian casualties (55) surpassed those of security forces (47) in a total of 79 terrorist attacks.


A closer look at the figures shows that of the 55 civilians losing their lives in terrorist attacks in the country in the month February, 35 – nearly two-thirds – fell victim to Baloch insurgents, mostly in ethnic attacks. In one such attack, seven people hailing from Punjab were shot dead in Barkhan district of Balochistan on February 18. Before that, on February 14, as many as 11 coalmine workers, hailing from Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, lost their lives when the vehicle they were travelling in was hit by a roadside explosion in Harnai district of Balochistan.

Such ethnic attacks are not isolated incidents. The previous year witnessed nearly half a dozen attacks targeting people based on their ethnic backgrounds. People have been offloaded from buses and executed after their identity cards are checked; targeted at construction sites; gunned down at barber shops; etc. While the ethnic attacks continue in Balochistan with impunity, the state seems to have no answer to them.

The state's response has so far been reactionary, as against the need for a comprehensive and coordinated security strategy to deal with the rising tide of terrorism. Such a strategy should prioritise operations based on intelligence input as well as addressing the grievances that fuel violence in the restive province. The lack of an effective action not only raises questions about the capacity of the state to prevent terrorist attacks, but also sends a wrong signal to people that they have to arrange for their security themselves.


Blackout bravado!
It seems internet shutdowns are a new-normal, be it a democratic or an autocrat dispensation. An earth-shaking report by 'Access Now' has surprised the pundits of civil liberties by pointing a finger at India. New Delhi was found to be on the oppressive side of the divide by scuttling dissemination of information, despite being the world's largest democracy. An independent profiling of its record reveals that it indulged in a minimum of 84 shutdowns in 2024, the highest of any elected government, and surprisingly France was also seen rubbing shoulders in the race.


Myanmar, unsurprisingly, found a second berth among countries that believe in cracking down hard on social media and free flow of information, with Russia and Ukraine leaping into making their presence felt in restricting online discourses. It is painful to learn that the governments are increasingly becoming intolerant, and digital blackouts to suppress dissent are in vogue. The New York-based digital rights group documented 296 internet shutdowns across 54 countries in 2024, and the trend seems to be irreversible.

Pakistan was the third contender in pushing political activism to the wall, as it posted an utterly autocratic behaviour during the year 2024 with 21 internet shutdowns. The most condemnable act was during the general elections of February 8, 2024 when a blanket closure of the internet was imposed, and the ballot was maneuvered in a shameful manner. Moreover, off and on internet suspension or slowdowns were witnessed whenever the opposition rallied for its due space, and fundamental rights of free flow of information, freedom of speech and association were barred.

The closure of VPN, outlawing of social media website 'X', and a ban on Instagram were the order of the day, as WhatsApp users were seen struggling to have access with voice and pictures delivery. To compound the situation were anti-media libel laws such as PECA, bolstered with a firewall, putting freedom of the press to a naught. Despite its economy nosediving, Pakistan had the audacity to take on a staggering loss of $1.62 billion owing to various digital restrictions.
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