TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS
MAXIMUM MARKS: 100

NOTE:

(i) Attempt FIVE questions in all including Question No. 8, which is compulsory. All questions carry EQUAL marks.

(ii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

(iii) Candidate must draw two straight lines

at the end to separate each question attempted in Answer Books.

1.

(a) Comment on the statement that “Cycas is a living fossil.”

(b) Describe the distribution and habitats of conifers of Pakistan.

2.

With the help of diagrams and brief notes compare the structure of dicot stem before and after the secondary growth.

3.

(a) State the economic importance of yeasts and agarics.

(b) Give the scientific name of yeasts and agarics.

(c) Starting with Kingdom: Plantae, classify both yeasts and agarics to the level of family.

(d) Give a brief account of the asexual/vegetative reproduction in the yeasts and sexual reproduction in agarics.

4.

(a) Compare and contrast the structure of the thallus of Riccia with that of Marchantia.

(b) Draw a labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of the capsule of Funaria.

5.

How do you differentiate the following?

Actinostele, Plectostele, Siphonostele, Solenostele and Dictyostele.

Illustrate your answers with suitable examples.

6.

(a) Describe briefly the various modes of sexual reproduction in algae, giving examples.

(b) Give an account of the structure of a vegetative cell of Cyanophyceae and compare it with that of Chlorophyceae.

(c) Discuss the economic importance of algae.

7.

(a) Describe in detail the characteristic features of the family Fabaceae or Poaceae, giving their floral formula and floral diagram.

(b) Assign any five of the following plants to their respective families:

1. Cassia fistula
2. Pyrus malus
3. Cicer arietinum
4. Raphanus sativus
5. Lactuca sativa
6. Papaver somniferum
7. Hibiscus esculentus
8. Zea mays

COMPULSORY QUESTION

8.

Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the question.

(1)

Pappus found in Compositae is the modification of:

(a) Calyx
(b) Bract
(c) Corolla
(d) Stamen
(e) None of these

(2)

In Malvaceae androecium is characteristically:

(a) Monadelphous
(b) Didynamous
(c) Diadelphous
(d) Tetradynamous
(e) None of these

(3)

The first phylogenetic system of plant classification was proposed by:

(a) Engler
(b) Prantl
(c) Wettstein
(d) Eichler
(e) None of these

(4)

The androecium in Compositae is:

(a) Epipetalous and monadelphous
(b) Polyandrous and monadelphous
(c) Polyandrous and syngenesious
(d) Epipetalous and syngenesious
(e) None of these

(5)

The fruit of mango is:

(a) Berry
(b) Drupe
(c) Pome
(d) Nut
(e) None of these

(6)

Fungal spores produced asexually at the tip or side of hyphae are called:

(a) Sporangiophore
(b) Arthrospores
(c) Conidia
(d) Spores
(e) None of these

(7)

Damping off disease is caused by:

(a) Aspergillus
(b) Ustilago
(c) Pythium
(d) Puccinia
(e) None of these

(8)

Obliquely placed ovary is present in the family:

(a) Rutaceae
(b) Solanaceae
(c) Malvaceae
(d) Labiatae
(e) None of these

(9)

Gynobasic style arises from the base of ovary. This is characteristic of the family:

(a) Labiatae
(b) Solanaceae
(c) Compositae
(d) Malvaceae
(e) None of these

(10)

Columella is present in sporangium of:

(a) Spirogyra
(b) Yeast
(c) Ulothrix
(d) Rhizopus
(e) None of these

(11)

Which of the following diseases is caused by fungus?

(a) Cholera
(b) Rust of wheat
(c) T.B.
(d) Tetanus
(e) None of these

(12)

Target board effect is caused by:

(a) Alternaria
(b) Colletotrichum
(c) Pyricularia
(d) Helminthosporium
(e) None of these

(13)

Edible fungus is:

(a) Aspergillus
(b) Agaricus
(c) Penicillium
(d) None of these

(14)

Clamp connections are very common in:

(a) Ascomycetes
(b) Basidiomycetes
(c) Phycomycetes
(d) None of these

(15)

Penicillin was extracted by:

(a) Fleming
(b) Huxley
(c) Lamarck
(d) Brown
(e) None of these

(16)

Bacteria belong to:

(a) Schizomycetes
(b) Actinomycetes
(c) Epigynous
(d) None of these

(17)

Mushroom is a:

(a) Parasite
(b) Saprophyte
(c) Photosynthetic
(d) None of these

(18)

The sieve elements are the major components of:

(a) Xylem
(b) Phloem
(c) Cambium
(d) None of these

(19)

The gametes taking part in sexual reproduction of Rhizopus are:

(a) Uninucleate
(b) Binucleate
(c) Multinucleate
(d) Dikaryotic
(e) None of these

(20)

Blue-green algae is a common name of:

(a) Xanthophyceae
(b) Chlorophyceae
(c) Cyanophyceae
(d) Charophyceae
(e) None of these

BOTANY, PAPER–II

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS
MAXIMUM MARKS: 100

NOTE:

(i) Attempt FIVE questions in all including Question No. 8, which is compulsory. All questions carry EQUAL marks.

(ii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

(iii) Candidate must draw two straight lines

at the end to separate each question attempted in Answer Books.

1.

Write a concise account of the mechanism of transportation and its significance to plants.

2.

Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis. Write a concise account of meiosis and its significance.

3.

What are mutations? Give a critical account of various types of mutations.

4.

What is photoperiodism? Give an account of photoperiodic induction and its possible mechanism.

5.

Give a detailed account of different xerophytes and their morphological and physiological adaptation.

6.

(a) Define ecology. Describe applications of ecology in detail.

(b) What is plant succession? Give a detailed account of the process of plant succession starting in a lake.

7.

(a) Briefly discuss different theories of evolution. Which theory do you think explains the best process of evolution and why?

(b) Write a note on adaptive mutation.

COMPULSORY QUESTION

8.

Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the question.

(1)

In protein synthesis, amino acid molecule attaches with tRNA with the help of enzyme aminoacyl tRNA:

(a) Synthetase
(b) Synthase
(c) Polymerase
(d) None of these

(2)

The term polyploidy is used according to the number of chromosome sets in nucleus:

(a) One set
(b) Three sets
(c) Ten sets
(d) Many sets
(e) None of these

(3)

The plant growth hormone discovered as a result of the investigations of the rice disease caused by Fusarium moniliforme was:

(a) Auxin
(b) Ethylene
(c) Gibberellin
(d) None of these

(4)

Transported soils deposited by the action of wind are classified as:

(a) Eolian
(b) Alluvial
(c) Colluvial
(d) None of these

(5)

The RNA that acts as template in the process of translation is called:

(a) rRNA
(b) mRNA
(c) rRNA
(d) None of these

(6)

The movement of material within the plant body is known as:

(a) Absorption
(b) Adsorption
(c) Translocation
(d) None of these

(7)

How many ATP molecules are produced when one molecule of glucose is completely oxidized to H₂O and CO₂?

(a) 8
(b) 28
(c) 32
(d) 38
(e) None of these

(8)

Seeds that require light for germination are said to be:

(a) Photoblastic
(b) Photodormant
(c) Photophile
(d) Photozoic
(e) None of these

(9)

Viviparous germination is present in:

(a) Mangroves
(b) Lithophytes
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

(10)

In eukaryotes the number of start codons is/are:

(a) 1
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
(e) None of these

(11)

The basis of evolution in living organisms is:

(a) Allele
(b) Mutation
(c) Gene
(d) None of these

(12)

Plant absorbs water from soil by:

(a) Root cap
(b) Root tips
(c) Root hairs
(d) None of these

(13)

The percentage of moisture held in a soil after the drainage of gravitational water is the:

(a) Field capacity
(b) Hygroscopic water
(c) Permanent wilting percentage
(d) None of these

(14)

Changes in the arrangement of gene loci within a chromosome are termed as:

(a) Translocation
(b) Deficiency
(c) Duplication
(d) None of these

(15)

Acquired characters are inherited according to:

(a) Darwin
(b) Lamarck
(c) Weismann
(d) Miller
(e) None of these

(16)

The end product of Krebs cycle is:

(a) Citric acid
(b) Oxaloacetic acid
(c) Pyruvic acid
(d) Lactic acid
(e) None of these

(17)

The function of mRNA is:

(a) Selection of amino acids
(b) Production of tRNA
(c) To synthesize DNA
(d) None of these

(18)

Replication of DNA is:

(a) Conservative
(b) Semi-conservative
(c) De novo
(d) None of these

(19)

Oxygen released from green plants comes from:

(a) H₂O
(b) CO₂
(c) Glucose
(d) Proteins
(e) None of these

(20)

Cacti and other succulents are typically found in:

(a) Deserts
(b) Forests
(c) Mountains
(d) Sea
(e) None of these