Islamic History & Culture Past Papers 2026

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2026 FOR RECRUITMENT
TO POSTS IN BS-17 UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

ISLAMIC HISTORY & CULTURE

Q.1. (i) Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate Box on the OMR Answer Sheet.(20x1=20)

(ii) Answers given anywhere else, other than OMR Answer Sheet, will not be considered.

1. Allama Muhammad Iqbal presented the concept of Ijtihad through the institution of:
(A) Council (B) Academy (C) Parliament (D) None of these

2. “Road to Makkah” was written by:
(A) Syed Ameer Ali (B) Dr. Muhammad Iqbal
(C) Dr. Muhammad Hamid Ullah (D) Muhammad Asad

3. Hazrat Huzaifa bin Yaman (R.A) observed differences in recitation during visit in:
(A) Syria (B) Iraq (C) Azarbaijan (D) Iran

4. The eighth month of Islamic calendar is:
(A) Shawal (B) Shaban (C) Ramazan (D) Rajab

5. The shrine of Hazrat Jalal-ud-Din Rumi is located in which country?
(A) Turkey (B) Syria (C) Iraq (D) Afghanistan

6. What are called the words which are recited on Hajj?
(A) Takbeer (B) Tasbeeh (C) Talbiya (D) Tahmeed

7. Who is the greater narrator of Hadith?
(A) Hazrat Abu Huraira (฀) (B) Hazrat Usman ( ฀) (C) Hazrat Abu Bakar ( ฀) (D) Hazrat Umer (฀)

8. Misaq-i-Madina was first written:
(A) Constitution (B) Treaty (C) Value (D) Oath

9. Hazrat Bilal (R.A) was appointed as incharge of:
(A) Security (B) Education (C) Diplomacy (D) Finance

10. Who was the first Sultan of the Ottoman Empire?
(A) Ghazi Sultan Murad (B) Sultan Ahmad (C) Osman Khan Ghazi (D) Bayezid Khan

11. The Holy Quran was first translated into Urdu by:
(A) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (B) Shah Abdul Qadir (C) Allama Shibli Naumani (D) Ashraf Ali

12. Madhu Hadith refers to the:
(A) True Hadith (B) Forged Hadith (C) Hadith Qudsi (D) Zaef Hadith

13. Veda is the holy literature of:
(A) Judaism (B) Buddhism (C) Hinduism (D) Conficiousim

14. Bayt ul Hikmah (House of Wisdom), established by Abbasid Caliph Mamun was a:
(A) Public library (B) Translation Bureau (C) Academy and Observatory (D) All of these

15. Pick the statement that correctly summarizes difference between the terms Zimmi and Mawali in early Islamic
history:
(A) Zimmis were non-Muslims protected under Islamic Law, while Mawalis were non-Arab converts to Islam
(B) Mawalis were non-Muslims protected under Islamic Law, while Zimmis were non-Arab converts to Islam
(C) Zimmis were unprotected non-Muslims, while Mawalis were non-Arab converts to Islam
(D) Mawalis were unprotected non-Muslims, while Zimis were non-Arab converts to Islam

16. Nizam-ul Mulk Tusi, founder of Nizammiyah Madrissah, was a famous vizier of:
(A) Abbasid Caliphate (B) Seljuk Dynasty (C) Ayyubid Dynasty (D) Mughal Dynasty

17. Pick the correct statement
(A) Imam Abu Hanifa and Imam Bukhari belonged to the same era
(B) Imam Bukhari was a student of Imam Abu Hanifa (C) Both (A) & (B)
(D) Imam Abu Hanifa’s era preceded Imam Bukhari’s era

18. ____________, courtier of Ummayad Emir of Spain Abd-al-Rehman II and a major trend setter of his time was
instrumental in cultural transformation of Muslim Spain.
(A) Al Farabi (B) Zaryab (C) Fad ibn Rabi (D) None of these

19. Which of the following financial reforms were undertaken by Ummayad Calph Abdul Malik:
(A) Made Arabic the official language for financial administration
(B) Introduced Arabic coins in place of Greek and Persian Coins
(C) Both (A) & (B) (D) None of these

20. ___________________ formalized the law of fratricide (killing of one’s sibling), taking a fatwa to justify it as a
necessity to prevent civil war.
(A) Mehmad II (B) Suleiman I (C) Selim II (D) Selim I

PART-II

SECTION-A

Q. No. 2. Critically analyze the economic structure of Arab society before the dawn of
Islam.(20)

Q. No. 3. Write a detailed note on diplomatic strategy of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم (as a head
of state. Also discuss its impact in establishing a strong state of Madina.(20)

Q. No. 4. Explain the role of Shura in the political system of Islam under the Pious
Caliphate period.(20)

Q. No. 5. Provide an overview of the reforms introduced by Hazrat Umar (฀) for public
welfare. Also discuss their respective impacts.(20)

SECTION-B

Q. No. 6. Shed light on the intellectual contribution of Muslim philosophers in the period of
Abbasids.(20)

Q. No. 7. What did the salient features of administrative structure of the Ottoman Empire?
What role did the Ottoman Administrative structure played in sustaining such a vast
Empire?(20)

Q. No. 8. Propose measures to promote good relationships between Islam and the West. Also
discuss the underlying challenges.

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